English Views: 854665 Author: Phoenix Publish Time: 2023-08-30 Origin: Phoenix Breeding Equipment
(1) Basic requirements for chicken house design
Determine the type of chicken house according to the natural conditions of the area and the feeding method and quantity. It has sufficient light and ventilation conditions; good thermal insulation performance; easy to clean and disinfect; strong and compact, which can prevent the infestation of mice and wild animals; less investment.
(2) Types of chicken coops
1. Open chicken house. Open chicken coops are suitable for small professional chicken farmers, and most of them use old houses and old factory sheds to convert them into open chicken coops. According to the situation, aisle cages or semi-high bed cages can be used.
2. Closed chicken house. At present, only large-scale mechanized chicken farms use closed chicken houses.
(3) Organization and requirements of each part of the chicken house
1. Roof. Roof materials require good heat preservation and heat insulation performance, and no water seepage. In rural areas, plastic greenhouses and asbestos tiles with heat insulation layers can be used.
2. Walls. The wall requires good heat insulation performance, and there is a cement dado, which is convenient for cleaning and disinfection.
3. Ground. The ground is required to be flat, moisture-proof, easy to clean, scrub and disinfect. At present, brick or concrete floors are mostly used.
4. Doors and windows. The door is required to be strong and tight, and easy to open and close. Generally, the ratio of the window area to the ground area in the chicken house is preferably 1:10~15, which is conducive to ventilation and lighting.
(4) Common patterns of chicken coops
1. Flat chicken house
(1) Litter flat chicken house. The litter flat chicken house is mainly suitable for raising broiler chickens. The chicken house is mostly muddy or brick-paved ground, with bedding on it. Commonly used bedding materials include sawdust, chaff, chopped wheat straw or straw, etc. Generally, the litter and chicken manure are removed together after one feeding cycle is completed. This kind of chicken house is prone to parasitic diseases such as coccidiosis.
(2) Flat chicken coops on the Internet. The online flat chicken house is suitable for raising breeders and broiler chickens. Lay the entire feeding area about 50 cm from the ground in the chicken house with wooden fence bars and plastic nets. Chickens live on the net, which facilitates the control of diseases spread by feces.
(3) Mixed ground chicken house. The inside of the chicken house is a grid bed or a plastic mesh surface, and the ground is opened to the outside, which can be an orchard or a mountain forest. Chickens drink water and eat food online, and exercise outdoors, which is suitable for rural areas.
2. Cage chicken coop. Cage breeding is the most common feeding method for laying hens. A large number of metal chicken cages are placed in the chicken house. This feeding method has a high breeding density, a small footprint, saves feed, and is also conducive to disease prevention. It is also suitable for breeders and chickens. Broiler chickens are reared on a large scale.
(1) Collective cage. Breeders generally use collective cages for natural mating, which are metal cages, generally 2 meters long, 1 meter wide, and 0.7 meters high. The bottom of the cage is inclined outwards to form an egg tank. A plurality of them are assembled into a row, and the feeding trough is hung outside the cage, and the nipple drinker is used for drinking.
(2) Stacked cages. The stacked cage is made of multi-layer chicken cages stacked on each other, with a distance of about 10 cm between each layer. There are manure-bearing boards made of plastic, laminates and other materials. Generally, 3 layers are suitable. Every two cages are installed back to back, dozens of cages form a row, and there is an aisle of 1~1.5 meters between every two rows. This layout occupies less land, and the number of chickens raised per unit area is large. The space under the eaves can be used in rural areas, and it is more economical to raise chickens in multi-layer chicken cages.
(3) Ladder cage. When the artificial insemination method is used, it is one of the main breeding cages for raising breeders or laying hens, and a three-layer structure is mostly used. The layers of the fully stepped cage are all staggered, and the feces will fall directly into the cesspit or the ground without installing a manure board. Half of the half-step chicken cages are stacked, and the stacked part is provided with an inclined manure-bearing plate, and the manure falls into the manure pit or the ground through the manure-bearing plate. Manual feeding and egg collection, but it occupies a large area, which reduces the number of chickens per unit area.
(4) Drinking water and feeding equipment for chicken houses in cages. Commonly used drinking water equipment includes drinking troughs and automatic drinking fountains. The drinking troughs can be cut in half with plastic pipes or large bamboos in a "U" shape, with a depth of 50-60 mm and an upper mouth width of 50 mm; throughout. Generally, plastic troughs are used.
3. Chicken farm waste treatment facilities. Chicken farm waste treatment facilities are mainly used to deal with chicken manure, litter, sick and dead chickens and other waste products.
(1) Chicken manure and litter. To build a manure field far away from the chicken house, there should be a shed and a low wall so that it will not be scattered or exposed to rain; chicken manure and litter should be cleaned up in time, sealed and packed, and kept away from the chicken farm; composting and fermentation can also be carried out. fertilizer.
(2) Sick and dead chickens. Dig a chicken corpse pit around the manure field, and the sick and dead chickens can be burned or buried.
(3) Other waste products. Discarded vaccines and drugs, veterinary equipment (syringes, needles), and various packaging (bottles) should be piled up at designated points for centralized processing.
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