English Views: 728445 Author: Site Editor Publish Time: 2023-05-06 Origin: Site
Summer is coming soon, with continuous sunny, hot and high temperature weather, and the pressure of heatstroke prevention and cooling is increasing. Heatstroke in poultry will reduce production performance, and even cause death due to heat stroke. High temperature will also lead to weakened body functions, decreased immunity, and induce other diseases. Therefore, doing a good job of heatstroke prevention and cooling of poultry in summer has become the key to the current large-scale poultry farm feeding management, especially environmental control. In order to cope with the impact of high heat and high humidity on poultry production, twelve heatstroke prevention and cooling measures are listed for production guidance and practitioners' reference and application.
1. Do a good job in observing the state of poultry groups.
If the temperature and humidity are suitable, the poultry will live comfortably and behave quietly and naturally; if the temperature is too high, the poultry will "open their mouths" due to the need for heat dissipation, become restless, reduce feed intake, have a strong sense of thirst, increase the amount of water they drink, and even appear Diarrhea and loose stools caused by excessive drinking water; for egg-laying poultry flocks, if the temperature in the house exceeds 28°C, the egg-laying performance of the poultry will be significantly reduced. The occurrence of these phenomena may be due to the fact that the temperature obviously exceeds the regulation ability of the poultry itself, and corresponding countermeasures need to be taken.
2. Do a good job in the operation and debugging of environmental control facilities.
Modern poultry farming is highly dependent on environmental control facilities for temperature and humidity control, so the equipment should be debugged in time to ensure the normal operation of the facilities and equipment, and the collection, transmission and display of temperature and humidity information remain normal. For example, if the temperature display cannot display the temperature correctly due to equipment failure, it will cause misjudgment to management and lead to production loss.
3. Do a good job inautomatic waterline inspection and maintenance.
It is necessary to check the water line and water pressure regularly to ensure the normal water supply of drinking water facilities and avoid water shortage, production performance decline and death due to abnormal water supply. The risk of drinking water quality and safety at high temperature also increases, so it is necessary to clean and disinfect the water line to ensure the safety and hygiene of poultry drinking water.
4. Do a good job of ventilation and cooling measures.
Ventilation is the main means of gas exchange inside and outside the house and maintaining the air quality in the house, and it is also an important measure for cooling management in summer. When the "wind speed" reaches 1.5m/s, there will be obvious wind cooling effect. At high temperature, the temperature of the poultry house can be adjusted by appropriately increasing the ventilation volume. For poultry, the most effective wind speed for cooling is 2.0-3.5m/s , when the wind speed exceeds 3.5m/s, the contribution to cooling hardly increases, and other cooling measures need to be considered.
5. Do a good job in "cooling pad" cooling management.
Cooling pad is the most commonly used cooling method for poultry houses in summer. The basic principle is that when hot air passes through the cooling pad, the water evaporates and absorbs a large amount of heat, thereby reducing the temperature of the hot air to achieve the cooling effect. Do a good job of cleaning and maintenance of the water curtain, thoroughly clean the dust, floating flocs, feathers and other debris on the tuyere of the wet curtain, ensure that the tuyere is completely ventilated, and clean the water curtain pipes in time to prevent dirt from clogging the water curtain pipes and breeding microorganisms . After the water curtain and pipeline are cleaned, they should be disinfected in time. The cooling effect of the wet curtain is affected by the relative humidity of the air. The greater the humidity, the worse the effect. When the relative humidity of the outside air reaches above 75-80%, the cooling effect is significantly reduced, and other auxiliary measures are required to cool down. During production, ice can be added to the water supply pool of the water curtain to reduce the temperature of the passing water in the water curtain and play an auxiliary cooling effect.
6. Use air energy equipment to cool down.
For large-scale poultry houses that use "air energy" heating, since the air energy equipment also has a cooling function, in extreme high temperature and high humidity conditions, in order to prevent heatstroke in older poultry flocks, the air energy equipment can be adjusted to the cooling mode. to assist cooling. Although the power consumption of air energy equipment is relatively high in cooling mode, it is still an optional measure under extreme conditions.
7. Reasonable use of spray cooling measures.
In order to prepare for emergencies, most large-scale poultry houses are pre-installed with "fog lines". In addition to being used for disinfection and humidification, starting the spray system to spray cold water in high temperature weather also helps to cool down the poultry house. Poultry houses without fog lines can be sprayed with high-pressure water guns, or spray pipes can be erected on the ridge of the roof for fine mist spraying. Water evaporation will take away a lot of "heat".
8. Adjust feeding time and light intensity.
In high temperature weather, especially high temperature and high humidity weather, when the cooling pressure in the house is high, try to avoid feeding from 10:00 am to 6:00 pm. If possible, adjust the feed ration structure to reduce body heat gain after eating. Properly dim the light, reduce the light intensity, and reduce the heat production of poultry activities.
9. Place ice cubes in the poultry house to cool down.
In the hot summer, if the conventional cooling methods are adopted, and the extreme weather of high temperature and humidity cannot be dealt with, a large amount of ice cubes can be placed in the corridor of the poultry house. Although this cooling method is cumbersome, the effect is often immediate, and can be used as means of emergency cooling.
10. Do a good job of insulating the poultry house.
An effective way is to increase the "heat insulation" ability of the poultry house to keep the summer heat out of the poultry house. At present, it is a common method to reinforce and thicken the walls and roof and add insulation. For the poultry houses that have been built and used, you can check them one by one with an infrared thermal imager, fill the gaps between the enclosure structures with foaming agent polyurethane material, and then apply and seal them with waterproof sealant to improve the airtightness of the peripheral structure of the poultry house , so as to ensure the heat insulation performance of the poultry house.
11. Do a good job of shading and heat reflection.
The use of shading measures can have a certain degree of heatstroke prevention effect, such as setting up sunshade nets and photovoltaic power generation panels on the roof. In order to facilitate the reflection of summer sunlight and prevent too much heat from being accumulated, white paint is applied to the exterior walls, gables and roofs of the poultry house on the sunny side to reduce heat radiation. The heat insulation film promoted on the market now can play a better heat reflection effect, and it is also a good choice.
12. Improve the heat stress resistance of the flock itself.
Certain feed additives, traditional Chinese medicines, vitamins, plant extracts, and organic selenium products sold on the market can regulate the body functions of poultry and help reduce heat stress to a certain extent, but the application effects vary. It is recommended that they can be used as an auxiliary way to use.
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